ABSTRACT
Introdução: segundo estimativa da Organização Mundial da Saúde, aproximadamente 1,5 milhão de mulheres grávidas no mundo são infectadas com sífilis anualmente e metade delas terão filhos com consequências adversas. A sífilis na gestação e a sífilis congênita constituem problemas de saúde pública, tornando-se imperioso conhecer a dimensão da doença em nível local.Objetivo: descrever as características da sífilis na gestação e da sífilis congênita no Maranhão entre 2009 e 2013. Material e Métodos: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e quantitativo, utilizando dados de domínio público e acesso irrestrito, cujo levantamento ocorreu por meio do aplicativo TABNET do Departamento de Informática do SUS, em janeiro de 2017. Resultados: no período foram confirmados 1.033 casos de sífilis em gestantes e notificados 679 casos de sífilis congênita. O município de São Luís, seguido por Imperatriz, apresentou o maior número de casos. As taxas de detecção de sífilis em gestantes e de incidência de sífilis congênita foram de 1,7 e 1,1 casos para cada 1.000 nascidos vivos, respectivamente. O maior número de casos de sífilis ocorreu em gestantes de 20 a 39 anos (69,5%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (51,1%), teste não treponêmico reativo (88,7%) e classificação da sífilis como primária (55,4%). A identificação dos casos de sífilis materna foi realizada principalmente no momento do parto (53,2%). A maioria dos casos de sífilis congênita foi na faixa etária de até 6 dias (94,3%) e teve evolução com criança viva (93,2%). Adicionalmente, a taxa de mortalidade infantil por sífilis congênita correspondeu a 2,0 óbitos por 100.000 nascidos vivos. Conclusão: a taxa de incidência da sífilis congênita permaneceu acima do desejado. A realização do teste não treponêmico encontrou-se aquém do preconizado. O diagnóstico da sífilis em gestantes foi realizado tardiamente na maioria dos casos. Houve maior ocorrência de sífilis primária, o que aumenta a possibilidade de infecção fetal.
Introduction:according to the World Health Organization estimate, roughly 1.5 million pregnant women are infected with syphilis annually and half of them will have children with adverse consequences. Gestational syphilis and congenital syphilis constitute public health problems, making it imperative to know the extent of the disease at the local level. Objective: to describe the characteristics of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in Maranhão state between 2009 and 2013. Material andMethods: this is a descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study, using data from the public domain and unrestricted access, whose survey took place through the application TABNET, in January 2017. Results: 1,033 cases of syphilis were confirmed in pregnant women and 679 cases of congenital syphilis were notified. The city of São Luís, followed by Imperatriz, presented the highest number of cases. The rates of detection of syphilis in pregnant women and incidence of congenital syphilis were 1.7 and 1.1 cases per 1,000 live births, respectively. A greater number of syphilis cases were identified among pregnant women aged 20 to 39 years (69.5%), incomplete primary education (51.1%), reactive non-treponemic test (88.7%) and syphilis classification as primary (55.4%). The identification of cases of maternal syphilis was performed mainly at the time of delivery (53.2%). There was a greater number of cases of congenital syphilis in the age group of up to 6 days (94.3%) and most cases of syphilis congenital evolved with live child (93.2%). In addition, the infant mortality rate for congenital syphilis corresponded to 2.0 deaths per 100,000 live births. Conclusion: the incidence rate of congenital syphilis remained higher than desired. The non-treponemal test was less than recommended. The diagnosis of syphilis in pregnant women was performed late in most cases. There was a higher occurrence of primary syphilis, which increases the possibility of fetal infection.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Syphilis, Congenital/ethnology , Syphilis/ethnology , Pregnant Women/ethnology , Maternal and Child HealthABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Treponema pallidum, Trypanosoma cruzi and Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in five Amerindian populations of Argentina. A retrospective study was conducted among 857 Amerindian populations (112 Kollas, 298 Mbyá-guaraníes, 79 Sagua Huarpes, 368 Wichis) from 2007 to 2010. Screening and confirmation of T. pallidum, T. cruzi and HIV-1 were performed. T. pallidum and T. cruzi infections were detected in all communities with an overall prevalence rate of 4.2% and 16.8%, respectively. Although HIV was not detected, syphilis and Chagas' disease represent a challenge for the health care system and the reinforcement of public health strategies is necessary considering the socioeconomic isolation of these populations.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la prevalencia de Treponema pallidum, Trypanosoma cruzi y virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV-1) en 5 comunidades originarias de Argentina. Para ello, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 857 individuos (112 kollas, 298 mbyá-guaraníes, 79 sagua huarpes, 368 wichis) desde el 2007 hasta el 2010. Se realizó el diagnóstico completo para T. pallidum, T. cruzi y HIV-1. En todas las comunidades se confirmaron infecciones por T. pallidum y T. cruzi con una prevalencia total del 4,2 y del 16,8%, respectivamente. Aunque no se detectó HIV-1, sífilis y Chagas, representan un desafío para el sistema de salud, teniendo que reforzarse las estrategias de salud pública teniendo en cuenta el aislamiento socio-económico que sufren estas poblaciones.
Subject(s)
Humans , Indians, South American , Syphilis , HIV Infections , Chagas Disease , Argentina , Treponema pallidum/isolation & purification , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Syphilis/ethnology , Syphilis/therapy , HIV Infections/ethnology , HIV Infections/therapy , Retrospective Studies , HIV-1 , Chagas Disease/ethnology , Chagas Disease/therapySubject(s)
Humans , Malaria , Syphilis/ethnology , Syphilis/etiology , Syphilis/history , History of Medicine , NeurosyphilisABSTRACT
Abstract Background The Roma ethnic group is the largest and most marginalized minority in Europe, believed to be vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections. Aim The purpose of the study was to investigate frequency and characteristics of gonorrhea and syphilis among the Roma population in Belgrade. Methods Data from the City Institute for Skin and Venereal Diseases to which all gonorrhea and syphilis cases are referred were analyzed. Results During the period of 2010–2014 sexually transmitted infections were more frequent among Roma than in rest of Belgrade population. Average percentages of Roma among all reported subjects with syphilis and those with gonorrhea were 9.6% and 13.5%, respectively, while the percentage of Roma in the total Belgrade population was about 1.6%. Roma with syphilis and gonorrhea were more frequently men (75%), most frequently aged 20–29 years (43.4%), never married (64.5%), with elementary school or less (59.2%), unemployed (80.3%), and heterosexual (89.5%). Among Roma 10.5% were sex workers and 68.4% did not know the source of their infection. Significant differences between Roma cases and other cases in Belgrade in all characteristics observed were in agreement with differences between Roma population and the total population of Serbia. Conclusion The present study confirmed the vulnerability of the Roma population to sexually transmitted infections.